Experts warn pneumonia still a major health threat

Experts are concerned about the ongoing and evolving threat that respiratory infections pose to global health. Constant vigilance and protective measures must be in place, especially for high-risk groups such as the elderly and newborns, people with chronic medical conditions (diabetes, asthma, or heart disease), immunocompromised patients, including those undergoing chemotherapy or living with HIV or AIDS. Pneumonia is a major respiratory infection caused by bacteria, viruses, or fungi. The pathogens most closely monitored for public health impact are respiratory syncytial virus (RSV), influenza viruses, pneumococcal bacteria, and SARS-CoV-2. Vaccination remains one of the most effective strategies to prevent pneumonia caused by severe respiratory infections, protecting against multiple pathogens. The respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) vaccine was approved in Singapore for adults aged 60 and over and infants through maternal vaccination in 2024. There is a prevalent belief that pneumonia is an inevitable consequence of ageing, while recent high-profile deaths from pneumonia underscore the pervasive threat of respiratory infections, according to Dr Leong Hoe Nam, an infectious disease specialist at Mount Elizabeth Novena Hospital in Singapore. Adopting preventive health measures and consulting a doctor in the presence of severe and persistent symptoms are key actions to contain the spread of a potentially lethal disease.